Scientists are increasingly uncovering traits in animals traditionally thought to be exclusively “human,” such as language and empathy. The understanding that animals, like humans, are capable of complex communication and emotions is growing steadily.
Examples include white-tufted marmosets that give each other names and prairie dogs that not only warn of danger but also differentiate between various types of threats, even recognising human features like the colour of a T-shirt. Research shows that elephants use names, mourn the death of family members, and that crows are aware of their own reflection, indicating self-awareness. Primatologist Frans de Waal emphasises that empathy in animals, especially mammals, should be considered natural, as the bond between mother and offspring is essential for survival.
While these insights into wild animals inspire admiration, they should also prompt reflection on how we treat animals in farming, such as cows, pigs, and chickens. Research by Leonie Cornips into cow communication reveals that cows interact with one another and with humans, clearly protesting when they are unhappy or unwilling to comply. They experience stress and grief when herd members are taken away for slaughter. Yet, this knowledge has so far not led to significant questions about their living conditions, let alone improvements.
If we acknowledge that these animals possess language, grief, and empathy, we cannot avoid questioning whether it is ethical to keep them in cramped stalls and under conditions that harm their wellbeing. Such research should not simply be regarded as “interesting” or “fascinating”; it must form the basis for real change. This knowledge should drive improvements in the living conditions of farm animals, with their emotional and cognitive capacities recognised and respected.
